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| An old photograph of four minarets |
The Bharatiya Janata Party says that if they come to power in the state of Hyderabad, they will change the name of the state to Bhagia Nagar.
During the recent local body elections in Hyderabad, the leaders of the Bharatiya Janata Party had promised to rename Hyderabad as Bhagia Nagar after winning the elections.
During the election, Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister and hardline Bharatiya Janata Party leader Aditya Yogi Nath told a crowd of his supporters that Hyderabad could be renamed like any other city in Uttar Pradesh.
"Some people were asking me if Hyderabad could be renamed Bhagia Nagar," he said. I said, why not. I told him that after the BJP came to power in UP, we renamed Faizabad as Ayodhya and Allahabad as Priyagraj. Then why Hyderabad cannot be named Bhagya Nagar.
The BJP has not won a majority in these elections but its strength has multiplied. The BJP is second after these elections and the state's largest party TRS itself does not have a majority.
In this situation, will the controversy that has arisen in the name of Hyderabad and K continue in the future?
The question also arises in the minds of the people whether Hyderabad was ever named Bhagya Nagar. Was there a woman named Bhagi Mati who had any connection with Bhagi Nagar?
In many history books, the name of Hyderabad is Bhagya Nagar but there is evidence that it is known as Hyderabad.
In 1816, a map of Hyderabad was drawn by Aaron Aero Smith, a British citizen. In this map, the name of Hyderabad was written in bold letters. Underneath it was written Bhagya Nagar and I also used Golkanda.
That is, he has used three names for Hyderabad in the map: Golkonda, Hyderabad and Bhagia Nagar. This map has also been used in Nani Shetty Sherish's book 'Golkanda, Hyderabad and Bhagia Nagar'.
In such a situation, it would be no less interesting to know how these names were determined. At present we are trying to find answers to these questions by placing the arguments on the basis of which it is being said that Hyderabad was called Bhagya Nagar in the light of history.
Argument-1
Bhagia Nagar is named after the temple of Bhagya Lakshmi
This is being said by the Bharatiya Janata Party and its supporters, but historians do not agree with this argument. According to these historians, there was never a Bhagya Lakshmi temple near the historic Charminar in Hyderabad.
A senior official, speaking on condition of anonymity, said it had been 30-40 years since temples were built near the four minarets, before there was no temple here.
Old-fashioned photographs confirm this. In the old pictures, there are no traces of any temple near the four minarets.
The book Hyderabad Aa Souvenir, published in 1944, has a picture of four minarets and no temple. This book mentions the temples at present in Hyderabad.
But it does not mention any temple near the four minarets. This book was prepared on the occasion of the arrival of the Prince of Wales in Hyderabad in 1922 to introduce him to the history of Hyderabad. Below is a picture of Char Minar from the 1944 issue.
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| In many history books, the name of Hyderabad is Bhagya Nagar but there is evidence that it is known as Hyderabad. |
Argument-2
There are several gardens in Hyderabad so Bagh Nagar
Some people claim that there are many gardens in this city hence its name Bagh Nagar.
Although the city has never been officially named Bagh Nagar. But historian Haroon Khan Sherwani was in favor of this argument and he first made this argument in 1967.
To understand this argument, one has to look at the book written by Jean-Baptiste Turinier (1689-1605).
Turnier writes that Golkonda also had a name, Bagh Nagar. He also wrote that this city was built according to the wish of a wife of Qali Qutb Shah whose name was 'Nagar'.
Although Turinier understood the meaning of the garden to be correct, he misunderstood the meaning of the city. He is mentioned in V Force's book, which he translated from French into English.
He wrote that Turinier made a mistake. Haroon Khan's argument is also based on the parts of Turinier's book in which he mentioned the gardens and orchards spread over Hyderabad. But historian Narendra Luther rejects this argument. Narendra Luther has also been a District Officer (DM) in Hyderabad.
Argument-3
Not in the name of gardens, but in the name of Bhagya Mati
Many historians seem to agree with this argument. An article published by the Salarganj Museum agrees with this argument. Historian Narendra Luther has supported this argument in his book On the History of Bhagya Mati, published in 1922-23.
Historian Muhammad Qasim Farista writes in his book The Rise of Muslim Rule in India that the Sultan began to like one of his female fugitives, Mati. He first renamed the city Bhagia Nagar and later Hyderabad. On the other hand, Sheikh A. Faizi has written that the Sultan named this city after an old witch.
In his book, The Trails in the Levant, published in 1687, the Dutch official Jean de Theonot wrote, "The capital of the empire was Bhagia Nagar, which the Iranians called Hyderabad."
The book 'Relations of Golconda', edited by WM Marland in the 17th century, states, 'Every year in the month of April, some prostitutes go to Bhagia Nagar. There she danced in honor of the king. It seemed strange to me. ”In the footnote of the book, it is written that Bhagya Nagar means Hyderabad, the new capital of Golkonda.
Narendra Luther argued that if the use of the word garden was correct, then the name of the city should be Baghnagar. To substantiate this argument, Narendra Luther cites the 16th century astrologer Babaji Panthlo's book Rai Vachkam, which describes the city as Buggingram. According to Narendra Luther, a copy of Raiwichkam is still in the Padukotai Library in Tamil Nadu.
Argument-4
Bhagya Nagar is a translation of a Persian word
Hyderabad came into existence in 1591. In 1596, it was renamed the Farkhanda Foundation. The Persian word meant 'lucky city'.
Some people argue that the Sanskrit word 'Bhagya', meaning destiny, came to be used as the basis of Farkhanda. Due to this, Bhagya Nagar began to be used more in Sanskrit and Telugu than in Persian names.
There is also the question of whether there was a woman named Bhagya Mati. If so, who was she?
Historical claims and fantasies about Bhagya Mati are so intertwined that they cannot be seen in isolation. There is ample evidence that there was such a woman but at the same time there is a lot of evidence and claims that refute such claims.
By the way, the most famous story about Bhagya Mati is that Muhammad Qali, the fifth king of the Qutb Shahi dynasty, fell in love with a Hindu girl named Bhagya Mati.
Bhagia Mati lived in a village called Chanchalam. The present Charminar stands in the same village. Muhammad Qali used to cross the river from Golkonda to meet Bhagia Mati.
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The name of this city has never been Bagh Nagar
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In view of this journey, his father Ibrahim had built a highway on the river Musa in 1578. In 1580, Qali married Bhagia Mati and changed her name to Haider Mahal.
The strange thing about this story is that Muhammad Qali was only 13 years old when the bridge was built. Therefore, it does not seem right to build a bridge for Qali. They have nothing to do with Bhagya Mati and the construction of a bridge over the river.
These can be two things that have nothing in common. According to historians, the bridge was built to connect Golkonda Fort with Ibrahim Putnam, but somehow its name was associated with their love.
But there are many unanswered questions in this love story. Was Bhagya Mati a dancer? Or was she an ordinary woman? Or was she a mistress or a goddess? Did Qali marry her? Or did they both live together? If there was no woman with that name, is it just a fantasy? Did they really change their religion? Did he name himself Haider Mahal?
Or did Qali affectionately call them palaces? Why no mausoleum was built in his memory after his death? It is to be noted here that a mausoleum was built for Taramati. Not all such questions are answered. Mullah Wajihi, the court poet of Qali, also mentions the love story of Bhagya Mati in his book "Qutb Jupiter".
According to this story, Prince Qali had seen Bhagia Mati in a dream. After waking up, they went in search of him and found Bhagya Mati. Obviously, such stories are not part of history but myths.
Narendra Luther has written quoting Prof. Masood Hussain Khan that Bhagya Mati is indirectly mentioned in Qali's poems. One argument is also given that Bhagya Matthew
The city of Hyderabad was built on his wish and the city was named Hyderabad after him.
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Some people claim that there are many gardens in this city hence its name Bagh Nagar
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Why was the new city built?
The area of Golkonda had been greatly reduced, so it was proposed to build a new city. Qali's father Ibrahim moved 30 km west of Golkonda fort and settled Ibrahim Putnam. This city still exists today under the same name. But it is unknown at this time what he will do after leaving the post.
However, when Qali came to power, a new city was built. He gave the responsibility of building this city to his leader Mir Momin who grew up in the city of Spain, Iran.
So he tried to build a city like his own and invited experts from Iran and assigned them the task of building the city.
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| Hyderabad came into existence in 1591 |
What is Chanchalam?
Where the Charminar is today, there used to be a village called Chanchalam. Hyderabad was built around this village. Today it is called the city of old Hyderabad.
However, historians believe that Hyderabad was named Bhagia Nagar for a very short time. New coins were issued in 1603, 12 years after the creation of Hyderabad, and the name of Hyderabad is clearly written on these coins.
This shows that even if Hyderabad was officially named Bhagya Nagar, it would have been for a very short time.
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Historical claims and fantasies about Bhagya Mati are so intertwined that they cannot be seen in isolation.
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There are other arguments in this regard:
Qutb Shahi Shiites were Muslims. Ali, the son-in-law of Prophet Muhammad, was also known as Haider and the city was named after him. This is the view of most historians.
One argument is that Bhagya Mati took the name Haider Mahal after converting to Islam. That is why the city was named Hyderabad.
Bhagia Mati belonged to the lower social class and was a dancer, so Qali Shah later regretted his decision and changed the name of the city to Hyderabad.
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